G8JNJ

A bit more information for those interested in Wave Radars, cut an pasted links from discussions on other sites.

CODAR and WERA (now Helzel) are very similar systems, and I think that folks tend to call all of them CODAR, a bit like some brand names becoming used for all products of a certain type regardless of the actual manufacturer.

There are plenty of WERA systems operating, but maybe not in the USA, even so the chances are you will have heard one, but thought it was CODAR.

https://helzel.com/

List of USA radars including manufacturer.

https://hfrnet.ucsd.edu/sitediag/stationList.php

You can also use this map.

https://cordc.ucsd.edu/projects/hfrnet/

Select station placemarks in the overlay menu to show them on the map.

If you click on each map pin it will give you more data, including the operating frequency.

Alternatively, there is this list, but it takes a very long time to load.

https://hfrnet.ucsd.edu/sitediag/stationList.php

WERA have a range of products, some of which have slightly different characteristics.

The European ones are listed in a table at the end of this document

https://eurogoos.eu/download/eu-hfradar-inventory-2016/?wpdmdl=9972&refresh=63f157c239dcf1676761026

An interactive on-line map of the current European sites can be found here.

https://eurogoos.eu/high-frequency-radar-task-team/

Regards,

Martin

They are Wave Radars, and sweep across the frequency range at a rate of approx 4Hz (250mS).

The ones you are hearing are most likely located at the Hook of Holland and Dyfamed in France, but there are likely to be other sources as it is a common frequency.

My KiWi's have most of the European ones marked with DX tags.

http://wessex.zapto.org:8073

http://websdr.uk:8060

Regards,

Martin

Hi John,

I think you have most of the common modes already covered, perhaps with the exception of ROS.

I agree about the lack of RSID. It is becoming increasingly difficult to identify some digital modes that are being used on the amateur bands. New ones seem to po up all of the time, and unless you are part of the "clique" that use them, up to date information regarding operational frequencies and specific modes, seems to be very hard to find.

Outside of the amateur bands

Winlink and Sailmail seem to be the only others that spring to mind and they use a mixture of Packet, Pactor, ARDOP and VARA, most of which is proprietary

https://www.winlink.org/RMSChannels

Regards,

Martin

Everything is inside the box as shown by the dotted line.

Philippe's comments are valid, but more related to Linear convertors / regulators.

This is what I did, but it is for a switching DC-DC convertor running at around 1MHz.

The capacitors were 10uF 25v SMD and the inductors were axial 22uH that I had lying around.

If running with a 12v input, the input inductors can have a lower current rating than the output inductor.

The whole circuit needs to be enclosed in a tinplate or brass box, and the capacitors need to be directly where the wires enter and leave the box.

Note that in this instance, the input negative is 'floating', but if you connect everything to the ground, then omit the input inductor in the -ve rail.

Regards,

Martin

Some additional notes on LZ1AQ's pages

http://active-antenna.eu/application-notes/receiver-front-end-protection/

Regards,

Martin - G8JNJ

I should have added.

I think the term AGC threshold may be misleading. I'd expect that if you reduced the AGC threshold level down to say -130dB, it would be operating all the time, but actually the opposite seems true, as you increase the threshold value the gain is reduced.

Try listening to a weak SSB signal and adjust the AGC threshold. There should be a point where the background noise is reduced but the intelligibility remains the same.

Tune to a CW signal and observe the decoder threshold graph whilst adjusting the AGC threshold. You can see the background noise fall away and the CW becomes much more consistant.

Maybe the default AGC threshold value should be in the Admin setup, so that it can be adjusted for the site noise floor.

Regards,

Martin - G8JNJ

Hi John,

I know we have discussed AGC settings and possibly implementing a bandwidth defined threshold in previous threads.

However I've just had to clear the cookies in my browser, and I notice that the default AGC threshold seems to be back at -130dB, which means that for most users of KiWi's the AGC is effectively running disabled and as a consequence the background noise level is higher than it really needs to be.

I'm fairly sure that in the past the default value used to be -90dB.

I've got a fairly low noise floor and -90dB for USB bandwidth is just enough to reduce the background noise level without degrading the sensitivity, so I think this would be OK for most users.

Regards,

Martin - G8JNJ

Hi Pierre & John,

Thanks for doing this, it's much appreciated.

I find the S/N map and rating list extremely useful, especially when trying to optimise my own KiWi's and also when trying to find KiWi's that are suitable for TDoA purposes. In fact it would be really useful if the TDoA Kiwi selection map could somehow indicate the S/N ratings of each in order to make the selection process quicker by ruling out KiWi's with really bad (unusable) S/N values.

I'm not sure how frequently the S/N values on http://rx.linkfanel.net/snr.html are updated, but maybe an 'average' and 'recent' display would be worthwhile additions ?

I must admit I'm biased about this as I believe that across the whole 0 - 32MHz spectrum, my KiWi http://southwest.ddns.net:8073/ is probably in the top 3 worldwide, although it's currently sitting at number 23 on the list with a S/N of 31.72 dB.

However when I have actually examined the spectrum display or performed an 'auto scale' test with the spectrum fully zoomed out I get better results (currently auto scaled as -22 to -114dB) than other KiWi's that are higher up on the list.

Its main competitors (by manual examination of the spectrum display of each) are http://nsk.proxy.kiwisdr.com:8073/ with a listed value of 40.35 dB (currently auto scaled as -17 to -115dB) and http://kphsdr.com:8073/ with a listed value of 32.79 dB (currently auto scaled as -35 to -118dB). All the rest I have currently tried in the top 20 on the list are worse performers, but it does depend to a certain extent on local time at the KiWi and propagation conditions.

Obviously the derived S/N values are not that accurate, as the percentile of power levels across the whole spectrum (signal), and the median power level (noise) depend upon the distribution of signals across the spectrum, how they are filtered and what unwanted noise is present that may seem like a valid signal. However despite these limitations, the S/N map is still the best way I've found to quickly sort out the really bad performers.

It's a pity that the http://sibamanna.duckdns.org/sdr_map.html map is no longer functioning, as that (at my suggestion) was modified to split the frequency range into several different blocks of spectrum, and gave average and current values for each, which provided a better overview of the likely performance, especially if you were interested in a specific frequency range.

I'm not sure how you can actually improve the S/N calculation without a very large amount of effort, but splitting it into bands and taking measurements at the same local time for each KiWi, may help improve the resolution.

Regards,

Martin - G8JNJ

>
>I'm curious why you chose the RPA-1 preamp instead of the LZ1AQ for this antenna?
>

Hi Ron,

The RPA-1 has a 50 Ohm input impedance, so it was easier to match to 450 Ohms, plus the IMD performance is better.

Unlike small diameter loops, the LOG has a fairly flat (approx 400 Ohm) feedpoint impedance across the desired frequency range, so the mismatch losses are relatively small.

If you look at the graphs on the webpage, you can see the S/N variation with different values of termination impedance.

There probably are better antennas, but if you have the space, the 30ft per side version is a pretty good broadband performer, has a reasonable degree of noise rejection, is omni-directional, relatively low profile and doesn't need constant repairing when it's been windy.

Regards,

Martin - G8JNJ