Cape Overlay Upgrade [spidev0 broken with Debian 8.10 upgrade, manual workaround using v1.175]

Hi, I have had a KiwiSDR running great since initial installation a few months ago. I maintain some Linux servers, check-for and install any updates on them daily, and as part of that routine have been doing the same for BeagleBone via the KiwiSRD admin system console, like this:

sudo apt-get update
sudo apt-get dist-upgrade
       
Lots of upgrades have been installed that way without incident until the last time I did that. Since then the KiwiSDR won’t start.  I was distracted by something during that last upgrade and had just noticed that one of the upgrades was to a cape overlay as I was typing 'Y' to continue. I realized immediately that I should have investigated compatibility before installing, but installation had started and it was too late.  After an OS reboot the BeagleBone and NIC lights flashed normally, but the web browser couldn’t connect to the receiver or admin system.  Power off/on restarts didn’t help.

That was a couple days ago and this is the first time I have had time to work on the problem.  I suppose one fix might be restore from the supplied micro-SD card, but I am wondering whether that is the best alternative.  I have never tried to connect to BeagleBone from an SSH client, so I can try that to see whether the Linux operating system is still running.  If it is, it should be possible to uninstall the new cape overlay and reinstall the prior one.  However, I have had no prior experience with BeagleBone and don’t know the cape overlay version previously installed or where to obtain it.

Any advice will be appreciated.

Comments

  • You did a dist-upgrade? Seriously?

    This is precisely why the Kiwi software comes as a full Debian distribution. So there are not problems like this when the Beagle guys decide to make incompatible changes in the cape interface. If I had to support every single change they make, and make sure I had complete and validated backward compatibility with multiple distributions, I'd NEVER make any progress on the bug/wish list (kiwisdr.com/bugs). And for what? So you can run the latest Debian distro? Pffft..

  • 'dist-upgrade' doesn't upgrade to a new Debian distribution, it installs security upgrades and bug-fixes to the installed distribution.

  • It is 'do-release-upgrade' that upgrades to a new distribution.

  • jksjks
    edited February 2018

    When I first did an "apt-get update; apt-get upgrade" to get 8.10 I had the same SPIDEV problems. After a while I figured out that "apt-get upgrade" is not the same as "apt upgrade" (apt upgrade includes --with-new-pkgs). Once I used apt everything was fine. Some packages were being kept back (e2fslibs e2fsprogs ifupdown libsystemd0 libudev1 systemd udev) when I was incorrectly using upgrade with apt-get.


    The man page seems to imply apt-get dist-upgrade is equivalent to apt upgrade. So I don't understand why you had a problem. Did you do an apt-get update first? Is repos.rcn-ee.com in the package index list?


  • I did 'apt-get update' first. If I hadn't, nothing would have been changed, because the list of available versions would have been the same as before.

    'apt-get upgrade' only upgrades to the latest versions of whatever is already installed.  However, sometimes new versions have different dependencies and will fail to work correctly because one or more newly-dependent code modules are not already installed.  Sometimes the reverse is true, where an old version was dependent something that is no longer needed and can be removed.

    'apt-get dist-upgrade' was created to automatically deal with those two situations. It checks new-version vs. old-version dependencies, installs anything that isn't already installed that is now needed, and uninstalls anything that is no longer needed by anything installed.  It is therefore by far the best of the two for most people to use. The only case I can think of where 'apt-get upgrade' would be better is where a developer who is very knowledgeable about dependencies and knows exactly what is already installed wants to temporarily leave currently-unneeded modules installed to facilitate quick comparative testing between versions.

    I haven't had time to connect via an ssh client yet and so don't know whether repos.rcn-ee.com is in the package index list.


     



  • Yes, I figured all that out. The real question is why it didn't work for you.

    The root cause of my problem was that the "bb-cape-overlays" package didn't get updated.

  • Sorry for the slow response.  I have had miserable flu-like symptoms the past several days which have made it difficult to keep up with everything.

    Prior to today I had only accessed the BeagleBone OS command line from the KiwiSDR admin console. Because KiwiSDR is no longer working, I connected today via a Bitvise SSH client running on a Windows 7 desktop.

    I first re-ran the following to see whether "bb-cape-overlays” didn’t get upgraded for some reason:

    sudo apt-get update

    sudo apt-get dist-upgrade

    This was the result:

    ========================================

    Reading package lists... Done
    Building dependency tree
    Reading state information... Done
    Calculating upgrade... Done
    The following packages will be upgraded:
      bb-cape-overlays
    1 upgraded, 0 newly installed, 0 to remove and 0 not upgraded.
    Need to get 65.1 kB of archives.
    After this operation, 2048 B of additional disk space will be used.
    Do you want to continue? [Y/n] y
    Get:1 http://repos.rcn-ee.com/debian/ jessie/main bb-cape-overlays armhf 4.4.20180223.0-0rcnee0~jessie+20180223 [65.1 kB]
    Fetched 65.1 kB in 0s (208 kB/s)
    (Reading database ... 25075 files and directories currently installed.)
    Preparing to unpack .../bb-cape-overlays_4.4.20180223.0-0rcnee0~jessie+20180223_armhf.deb ...
    Unpacking bb-cape-overlays (4.4.20180223.0-0rcnee0~jessie+20180223) over (4.4.20180221.0-0rcnee0~jessie+20180221) ...
    Setting up bb-cape-overlays (4.4.20180223.0-0rcnee0~jessie+20180223) ...
    update-initramfs: deferring update (trigger activated)
    Processing triggers for initramfs-tools (0.120+deb8u3-1rcnee0~bpo80+20170219) ...
    update-initramfs: Generating /boot/initrd.img-4.4.9-ti-r25
    cp: cannot stat '/etc/modprobe.d/*': No such file or directory
    debian@kiwisdr:/$

    ========================================

    Sure enough, “bb-cape-overlays” was shown as needing to be upgraded, so I expected that would fix the problem.  Unfortunately, it didn’t.  KiwiSDR still didn’t work.

    Notice this line at the bottom:

    cp: cannot stat '/etc/modprobe.d/*': No such file or directory

    I have never noticed that before when doing upgrades and am not sure whether or not it is new.  I went to /etc/modprobe.d/ and found the directory exists, but is empty.

    Next I went to the OS syslog and found the following sequence repeated continuously:

    ========================================

    Feb 27 05:52:49 kiwisdr systemd[1]: kiwid.service: Service hold-off time over, scheduling restart.
    Feb 27 05:52:49 kiwisdr rsyslogd-2007: action 'action 17' suspended, next retry is Tue Feb 27 05:54:19 2018 [try http://www.rsyslog.com/e/2007 ]
    Feb 27 05:52:49 kiwisdr systemd[1]: Stopped kiwi daemon.
    Feb 27 05:52:49 kiwisdr systemd[1]: Starting Cape Manager Service...
    Feb 27 05:52:49 kiwisdr systemd[1]: Started Cape Manager Service.
    Feb 27 05:52:49 kiwisdr systemd[1]: Starting kiwi daemon...
    Feb 27 05:52:49 kiwisdr kiwid[12935]: DEBIAN 8
    Feb 27 05:52:49 kiwisdr kiwid[12935]: USE_SPIDEV
    Feb 27 05:52:49 kiwisdr kiwid[12935]: LOAD_SPI = no
    Feb 27 05:52:49 kiwisdr kiwid[12935]: Starting kiwid
    Feb 27 05:52:49 kiwisdr kiwid[12935]: Start kiwid: OK
    Feb 27 05:52:49 kiwisdr kiwid[12935]: Tue Feb 27 05:52:49 UTC 2018
    Feb 27 05:52:49 kiwisdr systemd[1]: Started kiwi daemon.
    Feb 27 05:52:49 kiwisdr kiwid: 0:00:00 ....      KiwiSDR v1.173 --------------------------------------------------------------------
    Feb 27 05:52:49 kiwisdr kiwid: 0:00:00 ....      compiled: Feb 14 2018 03:35:11
    Feb 27 05:52:49 kiwisdr kiwid: 0:00:00 ....      -debian 8
    Feb 27 05:52:49 kiwisdr kiwid: 0:00:00 ....      /etc/debian_version 8.10
    Feb 27 05:52:49 kiwisdr kiwid: 0:00:00 ....      background mode: delaying start 30 secs...
    Feb 27 05:53:19 kiwisdr kiwid: 0:00:30 ....      reading configuration from file /root/kiwi.config/kiwi.json: 125 tokens
    Feb 27 05:53:19 kiwisdr kiwid: 0:00:30 ....      reading configuration from file /root/kiwi.config/admin.json: 67 tokens
    Feb 27 05:53:20 kiwisdr kiwid: 0:00:30 ....      serial number from EEPROM: 2010
    Feb 27 05:53:20 kiwisdr kiwid: 0:00:30 ....      reading configuration from file /root/kiwi.config/dx.json: 7052 tokens
    Feb 27 05:53:20 kiwisdr kiwid: 0:00:30 ....      883 dx entries
    Feb 27 05:53:20 kiwisdr kiwid: 0:00:30 ....      listening on default port 8073/8073 for "openwebrx"
    Feb 27 05:53:20 kiwisdr kiwid: 0:00:30 ....      webserver for "openwebrx" on port [::]:8073
    Feb 27 05:53:20 kiwisdr kiwid: 0:00:31 ....      ### using SPI_DEV
    Feb 27 05:53:20 kiwisdr kiwid: SYS_PANIC: "open spidev" (platform/beaglebone_black/spi_dev.cpp, line 72): No such file or directory
    Feb 27 05:53:21 kiwisdr systemd[1]: kiwid.service: Main process exited, code=exited, status=255/n/a
    Feb 27 05:53:21 kiwisdr kiwid[12945]: DEBIAN 8
    Feb 27 05:53:21 kiwisdr kiwid[12945]: USE_SPIDEV
    Feb 27 05:53:21 kiwisdr kiwid[12945]: LOAD_SPI = no
    Feb 27 05:53:21 kiwisdr kiwid[12945]: Stopping kiwid:
    Feb 27 05:53:21 kiwisdr systemd[1]: kiwid.service: Unit entered failed state.
    Feb 27 05:53:21 kiwisdr systemd[1]: kiwid.service: Failed with result 'exit-code'.

    ========================================

    Notice that the SYS_PANIC that causes the exit is reportedly due to a file not being found in a "beaglebond_black" directory. I purchased a seeed package with a BeagleBone Green card and the software pre-installed, so I am wondering if the "bb-cape-overlays” upgrade that was just installed is for a BeagleBone Black card, but if so, why didn't you have that problem?

  • jksjks
    edited February 2018
    The panic is because the spi device is not being created in /dev (/dev/spidev1.[01]) because of the problem with the overlay.

    /etc/modprobe.d/ being empty might be because the filesystem is full. Do a "df -h" to check. Every time the Kiwi software panics it creates a ~50 MB core file in /tmp for debugging. But if the panic is recurring the core files start to add up. I need to add a mechanism that prunes them in that case. Anyway, just do a "rm /tmp/core*" to free up space and then try the upgrade again and see if the error goes away.

  • I had shutdown the OS before reading your reply and ran this the following day after a fresh boot.

    ================================================
    debian@kiwisdr:~$ df -h
    Filesystem      Size  Used Avail Use% Mounted on
    udev             10M     0   10M   0% /dev
    tmpfs            99M  2.7M   96M   3% /run
    /dev/mmcblk0p1  3.6G  782M  2.6G  23% /
    tmpfs           247M     0  247M   0% /dev/shm
    tmpfs           5.0M     0  5.0M   0% /run/lock
    tmpfs           247M     0  247M   0% /sys/fs/cgroup
    ================================================

    The filesystem wasn't currently full, but I attempted to remove any /tmp/core* files anyway as you recommended.

    ================================================
    debian@kiwisdr:~$ sudo rm /tmp/core*
    rm: cannot remove '/tmp/core*': No such file or directory
    ================================================

    I then went to /tmp, tried to list the files, and the total was 0.

    ================================================
    debian@kiwisdr:/tmp$ ls -l
    total 0
    ================================================

    I am quite sure that the OS automatically deletes everything in /tmp when it boots and that is why temporary files that need to survive a reboot are supposed to be saved in /var/tmp.

    About 20-minutes after first running 'df -h' I ran it again to see if filesystem usage had grown.

    ================================================
    debian@kiwisdr:/$ df -h
    Filesystem      Size  Used Avail Use% Mounted on
    udev             10M     0   10M   0% /dev
    tmpfs            99M  4.0M   95M   4% /run
    /dev/mmcblk0p1  3.6G  781M  2.6G  23% /
    tmpfs           247M     0  247M   0% /dev/shm
    tmpfs           5.0M     0  5.0M   0% /run/lock
    tmpfs           247M     0  247M   0% /sys/fs/cgroup
    ================================================

    As you can see, /run usage had increased 1%, but everything else was the same.

    Following that I did this:

    ================================================
    debian@kiwisdr:/$ sudo apt-get purge bb-cape-overlays
    sudo: unable to resolve host kiwisdr
    Reading package lists... Done
    Building dependency tree
    Reading state information... Done
    The following packages will be REMOVED:
      bb-cape-overlays*
    0 upgraded, 0 newly installed, 1 to remove and 0 not upgraded.
    After this operation, 2273 kB disk space will be freed.
    Do you want to continue? [Y/n] y
    (Reading database ... 25076 files and directories currently installed.)
    Removing bb-cape-overlays (4.4.20180223.0-0rcnee0~jessie+20180223) ...
    dpkg: warning: while removing bb-cape-overlays, directory '/lib/firmware' not empty so not removed
    ================================================

    Then after running 'sudo apt-get update' to be sure the package lists were current I attempt to reinstall.

    ================================================
    debian@kiwisdr:/$ sudo apt-get install bb-cape-overlays
    sudo: unable to resolve host kiwisdr
    Reading package lists... Done
    Building dependency tree
    Reading state information... Done
    The following NEW packages will be installed:
      bb-cape-overlays
    0 upgraded, 1 newly installed, 0 to remove and 0 not upgraded.
    Need to get 65.1 kB of archives.
    After this operation, 2273 kB of additional disk space will be used.
    Get:1 http://repos.rcn-ee.com/debian/ jessie/main bb-cape-overlays armhf 4.4.20180223.0-0rcnee0~jessie+20180223 [65.1 kB]
    Fetched 65.1 kB in 0s (173 kB/s)
    Selecting previously unselected package bb-cape-overlays.
    (Reading database ... 24914 files and directories currently installed.)
    Preparing to unpack .../bb-cape-overlays_4.4.20180223.0-0rcnee0~jessie+20180223_armhf.deb ...
    Unpacking bb-cape-overlays (4.4.20180223.0-0rcnee0~jessie+20180223) ...
    Setting up bb-cape-overlays (4.4.20180223.0-0rcnee0~jessie+20180223) ...
    update-initramfs: deferring update (trigger activated)
    Processing triggers for initramfs-tools (0.120+deb8u3-1rcnee0~bpo80+20170219) ...
    update-initramfs: Generating /boot/initrd.img-4.4.9-ti-r25
    cp: cannot stat '/etc/modprobe.d/*': No such file or directory
    debian@kiwisdr:/$
    ================================================

    Like before there were no files in '/etc/modprobe.d/'.

    I rebooted and KiwiSDR still doesn't run.


  • jksjks
    edited February 2018
    Sure, if you reboot /tmp is cleared. But if you hadn't done that it's possible you could of had a full filesystem because of a recurring Kiwi crash/restart loop while trying these various updates.

    Unfortunately I think your best bet at this point is to start over by re-loading from the Kiwi sd-card distribution and upgrading to 8.10 from there. Since I was able to do that once I used the correct upgrade method we at least know it is possible to get a working system using 8.10.

  • I reloaded from the Kiwi sd-card distribution with no problem. kiwisdr automatically upgraded to the latest version and the receiver worked normally. I then again used 'apt-get dist-upgrade' to upgrade the old Debian 8 distribution to the December 9th, 2017, 8.10 release.  Like before, neither the Kiwisdr admin system nor the receiver could be accessed following the upgrade.

    There had been repeated warnings during Linux command-line operations that the kiwisdr host name could not be resolved. I wondered whether that might have caused something to go wrong during my Debian upgrades, but not yours, because (I think) you use Apple's non-standard Bonjour system for network host name resolution and I don't. So, I fixed the name resolution problem by simply pointing the kiwisdr host name to the localhost address in the '/etc/hosts' file, like this:

    127.0.0.1  localhost
    127.0.0.1  kiwisdr

    That eliminated the warning messages and should be added to avoid potential problems, but it didn't fix my problem.  I re-loaded the old Kiwi sd-card distribution again and once again the receiver worked normally until I upgraded to Debian 8.10.

    '/var/log/syslog' records have contained the same 'kiwid: SYS_PANIC: "open spidev" (platform/beaglebone_black/spi_dev.cpp, line 72): No such file or directory' line after each Debian upgrade.  This was copied from syslog following the latest upgrade:

    ==============================

    Mar  2 22:29:19 kiwisdr kiwid: 0:00:00 ....      background mode: delaying start 30 secs...
    Mar  2 22:29:34 kiwisdr minissdpd[1742]: 3 new devices added
    Mar  2 22:29:34 kiwisdr minissdpd[1742]: 1 new devices added
    Mar  2 22:29:34 kiwisdr minissdpd[1742]: 1 new devices added
    Mar  2 22:29:34 kiwisdr minissdpd[1742]: 1 new devices added
    Mar  2 22:29:34 kiwisdr minissdpd[1742]: 1 new devices added
    Mar  2 22:29:34 kiwisdr minissdpd[1742]: 1 new devices added
    Mar  2 22:29:49 kiwisdr kiwid: 0:00:30 ....      reading configuration from file /root/kiwi.config/kiwi.json: 125 tokens
    Mar  2 22:29:49 kiwisdr kiwid: 0:00:30 ....      reading configuration from file /root/kiwi.config/admin.json: 69 tokens
    Mar  2 22:29:50 kiwisdr kiwid: 0:00:30 ....      serial number from EEPROM: 2010
    Mar  2 22:29:50 kiwisdr kiwid: 0:00:30 ....      reading configuration from file /root/kiwi.config/dx.json: 7052 tokens
    Mar  2 22:29:50 kiwisdr kiwid: 0:00:30 ....      883 dx entries
    Mar  2 22:29:50 kiwisdr kiwid: 0:00:30 ....      listening on default port 8073/8073 for "openwebrx"
    Mar  2 22:29:50 kiwisdr kiwid: 0:00:30 ....      webserver for "openwebrx" on port [::]:8073
    Mar  2 22:29:50 kiwisdr kiwid: 0:00:31 ....      ### using SPI_DEV
    Mar  2 22:29:50 kiwisdr kiwid: SYS_PANIC: "open spidev" (platform/beaglebone_black/spi_dev.cpp, line 72): No such file or directory
    Mar  2 22:29:51 kiwisdr systemd[1]: kiwid.service: Main process exited, code=exited, status=255/n/a
    Mar  2 22:29:51 kiwisdr kiwid[1825]: DEBIAN 8
    Mar  2 22:29:51 kiwisdr kiwid[1825]: USE_SPIDEV
    Mar  2 22:29:51 kiwisdr kiwid[1825]: LOAD_SPI = no
    Mar  2 22:29:51 kiwisdr kiwid[1825]: Stopping kiwid:
    Mar  2 22:29:51 kiwisdr systemd[1]: kiwid.service: Unit entered failed state.
    Mar  2 22:29:51 kiwisdr systemd[1]: kiwid.service: Failed with result 'exit-code'.
    Mar  2 22:30:01 kiwisdr systemd[1]: kiwid.service: Service hold-off time over, scheduling restart.
    Mar  2 22:30:01 kiwisdr systemd[1]: Stopped kiwi daemon.
    Mar  2 22:30:01 kiwisdr systemd[1]: Starting Cape Manager Service...
    Mar  2 22:30:02 kiwisdr systemd[1]: Started Cape Manager Service.
    Mar  2 22:30:02 kiwisdr kiwid[1837]: DEBIAN 8
    Mar  2 22:30:02 kiwisdr systemd[1]: Starting kiwi daemon...
    Mar  2 22:30:02 kiwisdr kiwid[1837]: USE_SPIDEV
    Mar  2 22:30:02 kiwisdr kiwid[1837]: LOAD_SPI = no
    Mar  2 22:30:02 kiwisdr kiwid[1837]: Starting kiwid
    Mar  2 22:30:02 kiwisdr kiwid[1837]: Start kiwid: OK
    Mar  2 22:30:02 kiwisdr kiwid[1837]: Fri Mar  2 22:30:02 UTC 2018
    Mar  2 22:30:02 kiwisdr systemd[1]: Started kiwi daemon.
    Mar  2 22:29:51 kiwisdr kiwid[1825]: USE_SPIDEV
    Mar  2 22:29:51 kiwisdr kiwid[1825]: LOAD_SPI = no
    Mar  2 22:29:51 kiwisdr kiwid[1825]: Stopping kiwid:
    Mar  2 22:29:51 kiwisdr systemd[1]: kiwid.service: Unit entered failed state.
    Mar  2 22:29:51 kiwisdr systemd[1]: kiwid.service: Failed with result 'exit-code'.
    Mar  2 22:30:01 kiwisdr systemd[1]: kiwid.service: Service hold-off time over, scheduling restart.
    Mar  2 22:30:01 kiwisdr systemd[1]: Stopped kiwi daemon.
    Mar  2 22:30:01 kiwisdr systemd[1]: Starting Cape Manager Service...
    Mar  2 22:30:02 kiwisdr systemd[1]: Started Cape Manager Service.
    Mar  2 22:30:02 kiwisdr kiwid[1837]: DEBIAN 8
    Mar  2 22:30:02 kiwisdr systemd[1]: Starting kiwi daemon...
    Mar  2 22:30:02 kiwisdr kiwid[1837]: USE_SPIDEV
    Mar  2 22:30:02 kiwisdr kiwid[1837]: LOAD_SPI = no
    Mar  2 22:30:02 kiwisdr kiwid[1837]: Starting kiwid
    Mar  2 22:30:02 kiwisdr kiwid[1837]: Start kiwid: OK
    Mar  2 22:30:02 kiwisdr kiwid[1837]: Fri Mar  2 22:30:02 UTC 2018
    Mar  2 22:30:02 kiwisdr systemd[1]: Started kiwi daemon.
    Mar  2 22:30:02 kiwisdr kiwid: 0:00:00 ....      KiwiSDR v1.174 --------------------------------------------------------------------
    Mar  2 22:30:02 kiwisdr kiwid: 0:00:00 ....      compiled: Mar  2 2018 21:25:05
    Mar  2 22:30:02 kiwisdr kiwid: 0:00:00 ....      -debian 8
    Mar  2 22:30:02 kiwisdr kiwid: 0:00:00 ....      /etc/debian_version 8.10
    Mar  2 22:30:02 kiwisdr kiwid: 0:00:00 ....      background mode: delaying start 30 secs...

    ==============================

    Do you have any new ideas about what is causing this?


  • Okay, the Galileo stuff is at a temporary dead-end, so I'm looking at this problem.

    "sudo: unable to resolve host kiwisdr" So this error is coming from the sudo command. I'll implement your suggestion about putting kiwisdr into /etc/hosts. 

    I see what's going on now. There was a change made to the bb-cape-overlays package on 20180223 that seems to have broken things for the 8.10 release. The earlier 20180126 package version was fine and that's why people who did the upgrade to 8.10 in January / early February don't see the problem. I cloned the bb-cape-overlays project and will try recreating the old version.

  • jksjks
    edited March 2018
    Okay, here's a workaround if you have a Kiwi upgraded to Debian 8.10 and the Kiwi server won't start (just crashes and restarts over and over again with an error in the log saying "SYS_PANIC: open spidev").

    1) ssh/PuTTY into your Kiwi Beagle as user "root" (no password).
    2) "cdp" Change to Kiwi build directory.
    3) "up" Manually pulls the latest version from Github (v1.175 or later) and builds it.
    4) When that's done do "cd unix_env/bb.org-overlays"
    5) Type "./install.sh" (note the "dot" before the slash)
    6) When that's done type "reboot"

    Now the Kiwi server should run after the reboot.

    If you upgrade from here things will break again until I can submit a patch to the bb.org-overlays repo and see if they'll integrate it or find some other permanent solution to the problem.

  • I reverted back to the distribution version yesterday. Maybe it will be better to stay with that while you try to have the patch integrated or find another solution and then upgrade using the procedure above only if a better solution isn't found sometime soon.

    Thanks for investigating and finding the problem.

  • Okay, a fixed version of the bb-cape-overlays package will be installed if you do another upgrade to 8.10. See thread: http://forum.kiwisdr.com/discussion/discussion/1073/danger-do-not-do-a-manual-debian-linux-upgrade-to-your-kiwi-e-g-apt-get-dist-upgrade

  • Great!  I just used 'apt-get dist-upgrade' to upgrade to Debian 8.10 and everything works fine.

    There are lots of widely-publicized vulnerabilities in the old distribution.  It is good to be up-to-date.  Thanks again for your help.

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